![]() The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab saw hints that could also be interpreted as extra electron neutrinos appearing due to the existence of the sterile neutrinos, but the MINOS experiment, Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, and other projects looking for neutrinos disappearing due to sterile neutrinos did not see that signal. So far the results have been inconclusive from these experiments. ![]() There is a lot of ongoing work to confirm if this interpretation of the LSND results is correct. It is hunting sterile neutrinos and testing the liquid-argon technology that will be used for the enormous Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. The MicroBooNE detector is one of the three short-baseline neutrino detectors at Fermilab. A similar signal at a new location is a hint that an unknown kind of neutrino was hiding behind the scenes. This was a similar signature of oscillation that had been seen for the known neutrino flavors, but at a distance and energy combination researchers weren’t expecting. The hints of sterile neutrinos come from a couple of experiments. The Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) experiment at Los Alamos National Laboratory studied a decay-at-rest beam made of mainly muon neutrinos and found more electron neutrinos than they predicted. But there could be any number of extra “sterile” neutrinos that LEP would be unable to see-though scientists would still need to figure out why. By measuring the decays of the Z boson, scientists were able to measure to a very high precision that only three neutrinos couple to the weak force: the electron, muon and tau neutrinos. One particle, the Z boson, is the carrier of the weak force, and how quickly it decays depends strongly on the number of particles that it couples to. How would scientists even know they were there? This is exactly the challenge with searching for “sterile” neutrinos.Īt the Large Electron-Positron (LEP) collider at CERN, scientists measured the particles that emerged from collisions between electrons and positrons. For example, 50 percent of the neutrinos coming from the sun will pass through a light-year of lead without interacting.īut imagine a neutrino, already nearly massless, that does not interact through the weak force. It is this lack of interactions (and their tiny mass) that gives them their ghostly nature. Neutrinos interact through two of the four Standard Model forces: the weak force and gravity. Much more data is needed before anything can be decided definitively. If neutrinos oscillate into this fourth kind of neutrino, that could explain the rapid changes and the anomalies seen in experiments. And some experiments have seen neutrinos appearing or disappearing over much shorter distances than the experiments on neutrinos from more distant locations, such as the atmosphere or sun. Some experiments have seen an excess neutrino oscillation where theory predicted they shouldn’t be. Rev.One way to discover these secretive particles involves oscillation. ĭ aya B ay collaboration, Improved Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux at Daya Bay, Phys. ĭ aya B ay collaboration, Evolution of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay, Phys. ĭ aya B ay collaboration, Measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation based on 1230 days of operation of the Daya Bay experiment, Phys. ĭ aya B ay collaboration, Improved Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay, Chin. ĬHOOZ collaboration, Search for neutrino oscillations on a long baseline at the CHOOZ nuclear power station, Eur. ĭ ouble CHOOZ collaboration, Double CHOOZ θ 13 measurement via total neutron capture detection, Nature Phys. ĭ ouble CHOOZ collaboration, Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double CHOOZ detector, JHEP 10 (2014) 086. Vogel, Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly with known θ 13, Phys. Miller, The Palo Verde neutrino oscillation experiment, Ph.D. Boehm et al., Final results from the Palo Verde neutrino oscillation experiment, Phys. Schwetz, Global analysis of three-flavour neutrino oscillations: synergies and tensions in the determination of θ 23, δ CP, and the mass ordering, JHEP 01 (2019) 106. ![]() NUCIFER collaboration, Online Monitoring of the Osiris Reactor with the Nucifer Neutrino Detector, Phys. Kopeikin, Flux and spectrum of reactor antineutrinos, Phys. ĭ ouble CHOOZ collaboration, Indication of Reactor \( _e \) + P → e + + N on a Nuclear Reactor, Sov. RENO collaboration, Observation of Reactor Electron Antineutrino Disappearance in the RENO Experiment, Phys. ĭ aya B ay collaboration, Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay, Phys. K amLAND collaboration, First results from KamLAND: Evidence for reactor anti-neutrino disappearance, Phys. McGuire, Detection of the free neutrino: A Confirmation, Science 124 (1956) 103.
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